Below are the endnotes from “Prisons: In Jail But Not Sentenced” by Richard A. Aborn and Ashley D. Cannon (Winter 2013 AQ.)
1. International Centre for Prison Studies, World Prison Brief, available at: http://www.prisonstudies.org/info/worldbrief/(Estimated pretrial detainee population, Formula: total prison population multiplied by percentage of pretrial detainees in the prison population)
2. International Centre for Prison Studies, World Prison Brief, available at: http://www.prisonstudies.org/info/worldbrief/(Pre-trial detainees/remand prisoners (percentage the prison population)
3. International Centre for Prison Studies, World Prison Brief, available at: http://www.prisonstudies.org/info/worldbrief/ (Estimated pretrial detention rate, Formula:
4. United States Department of State, 2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – Bolivia, 24 May 2012, available at: http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?dlid=186494
5. United States Department of State, 2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – Argentina, 24 May 2012, available at: http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?dlid=186485
>6. United States Department of State, 2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – Bolivia, 24 May 2012, available at: http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?dlid=186494
7. United States Department of State, 2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – Panama, 24 May 2012, available at: http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?dlid=186531
8. United States Department of State, 2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – Paraguay, 24 May 2012, available at: http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?dlid=186534
9. Thomas H. Cohen and Brian A. Reaves, “Pretrial Release of Felony Defendants in State Courts: State Court Processing Statistics, 1990-2004,” Special Report (NCJ 214994), November 2007, U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, available at: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/prfdsc.pdf
10. United States Department of State, 2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – Argentina, 24 May 2012, available at: http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?dlid=186485
11. United States Department of State, 2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – Mexico, 24 May 2012, available at: http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?dlid=186495
12. Craig Haney, “The Psychological Impact of Incarceration: Implications for Postprison Adjustment,” in Travis and Waul, eds., Prisoners Once Removed: The Impact of Incarceration and Reentry on Children, Families, and Communities,2003, Urban Institute Press, available at: http://www.urban.org/books/prisoners/; Barry Holman and Jason Ziedenberg, The Dangers of Detention: The Impact of Incarcerating Youth in Detention and Other Secure Facilities, November 2006, Justice Policy Institute, available at: http://www.justicepolicy.org/images/upload/06-11_REP_DangersOfDetention_JJ.pdf
13. Soros Justice Initiative, Pretrial Detention and Torture: Why Pretrial Detainees Face the Greatest Risk, A Global Campaign for Pretrial Justice Report, 2011, available at: http://www.soros.org/sites/default/files/pretrial-detention-and-torture-06222011.pdf; Allen J. Beck, “PREA Data Collection Activities, 2011,” Data Collection Profile: Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 (NCJ 234183), May 2011, available at: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=2198
14. United States Department of State, 2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – Bolivia, 24 May 2012, available at: http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?dlid=186531#wrapper
15. U.S. S.1435, The Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003, Section 2, Findings, 108thCongress (2003-2004), available at: http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/F?c108:3:./temp/~c108lCKAhC:e1648:
16. Lindsey Devers, Desistance and Developmental Life Course Theories: Research Summary, 9 November 2011, U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Assistance, available at: https://www.bja.gov/Publications/DesistanceResearchSummary.pdf ; Mindy Herman-Stahl, Marni L. Kan, and Tasseli McKay, Incarceration and the Family: A Review of Research and Promising Approaches for Serving Fathers and Families, September 2008, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, available at: http://aspe.hhs.gov/hsp/08/MFS-IP/Incarceration&Family/index.shtml ; Alex R. Piquero, David P. Farrington, and Alfred Blumstein, “The criminal career paradigm,” in M. Tonry, Crime and Justice: A Review of Research, 30, 2003, 359-506, available at: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/Digitization/202743-202750NCJRS.pdf; Terrie E. Moffitt, “Adolescence-limited and life-course persistent antisocial behavior: a developmental taxonomy,” Psychology Review, 100(4), 1993, 674–701, available at: http://criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/moffitt93.htm
17. Open Society Justice Initiative, The Socioeconomic Impact of Pretrial Detention: A Global Campaign for Pretrial Justice Report, 2011, available at: http://www.soros.org/reports/socioeconomic-impact-pretrial-detention
18. United States Department of State, 2011 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – Bolivia, 24 May 2012, available at: http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?dlid=186494
19. Guillermo Zepeda, Costly Confinement: The Direct and Indirect Costs of Pretrial Detention in Mexico (English-language summary), 2009, Open Society Institute, available at: http://www.soros.org/sites/default/files/costly-confinement-mexico-20100201_0.pdf
20. Malena Derdoy, Mariano Fernández Valle, Diego Freedman, Laura Malajovich, Laura Roth, Raúl Salinas, El costo social y economic de la prisión preventive en la Argentina (The Economic and Social Costs of Preventive Detention in Argentina ), 2009, Centre for the Implementation of Public Policies Promoting Equity and Growth, available at: http://www.cippec.org/Main.php?do=documentsDoDownload&id=359
21. Open Society Justice Initiative, The Socioeconomic Impact of Pretrial Detention: A Global Campaign for Pretrial Justice Report, 2011, available at: http://www.soros.org/reports/socioeconomic-impact-pretrial-detention
22. TBD
23. Open Society Justice Initiative, The Socioeconomic Impact of Pretrial Detention: A Global Campaign for Pretrial Justice Report, 2011, available at: http://www.soros.org/reports/socioeconomic-impact-pretrial-detention
24. Robert E. Fitzgerald and Peter Marshall, Towards a more objective basis for bail decision making, (Canberra: 3rd National Outlook Symposium on Crime in Australia, “Mapping the Boundaries of Australia’s Criminal Justice System,” paper, March 22-23, 1999), 5-7.
25. Jennifer Fratello, Annie Salsich, and Sara Mogulescu, Juvenile Detention Reform in New York City: Measuring Risk through Research. New York: Vera Institute of Justice, 2011. http://www.vera.org/download?file=3226/RAI-report-v7.pdf
26. Ryan Shanahan and Sandra Villalobos Agudelo, Close to Home: Building on Family Support for People Leaving Jail. New York: Vera Institute of Justice, 2011. http://www.vera.org/download?file=3384/Close percent2520to percent2520home_report_v.6.pdf
27. Guillermo Zepeda, Costly Confinement: The Direct and Indirect Costs of Pretrial Detention in Mexico (English-language summary), 2009, Open Society Institute, available at: http://www.soros.org/sites/default/files/costly-confinement-mexico-20100201_0.pdf
28. Malena Derdoy, Mariano Fernández Valle, Diego Freedman, Laura Malajovich, Laura Roth, Raúl Salinas, El costo social y economic de la prisión preventive en la Argentina (The Economic and Social Costs of Preventive Detention in Argentina ), 2009, Centre for the Implementation of Public Policies Promoting Equity and Growth, available at: http://www.cippec.org/Main.php?do=documentsDoDownload&id=359
Watch an AQ Q&A with Richard Aborn below.
